Printing ink extender manufacture



Patented Dec. 17, 1940 I UNITED STATES PRINTING INK EXTENDER MANUFACTURE William H. Wood, Bedford, Ohio, assignor to Harris-Seybold-Potter Company, Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application January 19, 1939,

Serial No. 251,794

Claims.

It is common practice in printing, and especially lithographic printing, when a light tint of a particular color is desired, to dilute an ink of full color intensity with a white or colorless material 5 so that the original pigment is extended throughout a larger volume of ink and the resulting tint of the print is accordingly lightened. When applying a white diluent or extender any desired tint from that of the original ink to white may be obtained. It is desirable however that the diluent be somewhat translucent, for the reason that a smaller proportion of the pigment, which is more costly than the diluent, would then'be required in order to produce a given tint than if the diluent were opaque. Commonly, aluminum hydroxide is employed in linseed oil varnish as a. diluent, and especially the commercial product known as laketine, different samples of which have been found to vary widely in composition, being made up of varying amounts of aluminum hydroxide, zinc oxide, magnesium carbonate, linseed oil varnish, from one to twenty per cent of soap, and from two to thirty per cent of water. Such diluents have certain undesirable characteristics which render their use unsatisfactory, and particularly in lithographic printing. For example, they contain substances which react with the acids commonly used in lithographic plate dampening solutions to form compounds which are receptive to water. Such compounds attract water to the ink and cause emulsification thereof with harmful results, such as loss of intensity of color, heavy 'front-end print, that is a heavier deposit of ink by the form rollers during their first revolution over the plate than during their second revolution, and a further particular difliculty is the serious scumming on the plate. These harmful results are enhanced by the water contents usual in the ink preparations. The water receptive compounds mentioned above furthermore tend to adhere to or react with the iron or metal rollers of the inker to form waterreceptive areas on these rollers giving rise to stripping or removal of the ink from these 45 areas. The commercial preparations as above mentioned, furthermore dry to a more or less' greasy surface, thus making difficult the printing of a second color on previously printed areas, and also permitting too easy abrasion of a printed surface.

In accordance with the present invention it I now becomes possible to avoid these well known drawbacks of the customary practice, and improved means for diluting or extending of printing inks or improvement of such diluents may be had, and much more eflicient operation of lithoraphic printing presses and the attainment of improved printed products.

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the invention, then, comprises the 5 features hereinafter fully described, and particularly pointed out in the claims, the following description setting forth in detail certain illustrative embodiments of the invention, these being indicative however, of but a few of the various 10 ways in which the principle of the invention may be employed.

I have found that with suitable treatment a compound may be prepared based on the element zirconium, namely, the hydrous oxide of zirconi-- 15 um, to make an outstandingly successful extender for printing inks, and especially those for llt h0- graphic printing. It is micro-porous and therefore mixes particularly intimately with the other constituents of the ink. It, unlike many pigments, is colloidal in character, dispersing readily and not tending to separate out. It is substantially inert insofar as other constituents of printing inks are concerned. It does not react with the acids used in lithographic dampening sdlu- 25 tions and thereby preserves the water-repellent character of the ink. It is blue-white in color and quite translucent, which characteristics make it particularly effective where highly diluted 30 colors are desired. It is relatively inexpensive, and owing to its superior characteristics a relatively small quantity of pigment is required to produce a desired result. The materials in accordance with this invention furthermore provide a diluted ink which dries with a hard non-greasy surface particularly well adapted for receiving additional printings and not subject to easy abrasion. I have also found that in the same way I can employ certain other compounds, nota- 40 bly of titanium, and of silicon. In fact, under suitable conditions I can employ compounds of elements of the fourth group of the periodic sys-' tem whose atomic number is at least 14, and in certain aspects the invention comprises such. It will be understood however that these compounds are not equivalents in all of the respects contemplated, but while the compound of zirconium is preferred, the grouping of zirconium and titanium is to be considered as available for some uses, and a grouping involving zirconium, titanium and silicon is available for certain uses, and compounds of the fourth periodic group generally of atomic number at least 14 are included for certain purposes. The compound prepared and emlucent extender roiprinting ink,

ployedin accordance nu: the inrention isa collddalmateriaiwhiehisahydrousoxide. mm-i ditiontothevaterwmchisboundinthemolecule drophilicnature. InNpnepa-ratton: I

snore theunbound watenandretain theibound maintaln'the'eaaentialicharactenoiaw hydrous oxide. Onewayoiaccornplishingthisis by. intunately with ayater-Q repellent vehicle. carriedqon] underconditions auditor suchltime as nibble tor the elimlnationoi theunboundjvater desired.

While various vehicleaot such character employed, I prefer an oily vehicle of drying-oil type, and in instance particularly linseed oil var nish as of suitable drying the printing ink industry. 1

As an example: mun zirconium oxide.

which may be msnui'acturedbpany desired method or preierably by'precipitating from a water solution of a sirconium salt (for example the chloride or sulphate) by addition (of am- 1 mcnium hydroxideat ordinary temperature and j iiltering and washing..is introducedinto aninh grinding mill together with linseedoilyarnish of 1' consistency suitable iorink' usage. Grinding is continued untilthe unbound is eliminated and a \miiorm mixturenithe sirhali,altogetherlncontrast tothecommonoxides or hydroxides well known o! theelements abovei named. And by oxide in the spediicati'on and claims l mean theivoluminous t gelatinous precipitate tamed by mglfhy droxide with a solution of a salt as indicated; such precipitate containing accessory 1 elements v oi water in very large proportion oi the wholeand c M1 I M empl m re than one 0! the hydrous oxides mentioned these fin mixture being incorporated conveniently together.

Othermodesoiapplyingtheprincipleoitheinvention may be emp y change as retards the details described, provided the leatures stated in any oi! the following claims, or the equivalentoi! such; beemployed. 1

mere!" w mm 't l h m dalmasmyinventionr in i i 1. As a new article oi" luoent extender i'or ink as an essential constituent a colloidal agentiwhichdsa Y hydrousoxlde otan element 0! the tourth:group oi the periodic tableoi atomic numberfatleast 14 uncombinedwith otherlconstitllcnts. w

2.As anew article oi manuiacturegq atransleast one compoimd from the'groupconsistingor the hydrous oxides of zirconium. titanium, and

silicon retaining its bound water. inavehiclei 3. As a new article of manufacture, an extender other 1 in a;lin-' preparations, providingfa moist hydrousoxideo! oxidaihravehiela. r

4. As a new articleioimanuiacture, a trans- 6. Asanew srticieotmanuiaeture, anextender xirconium hydrous) oxideina 7.;Asaney'articleoimanuiactmJnextender ioreprinting ink. comprising oxidelinia linseedoilyehicle 1 8.'Asia new artieleaot manuiacture aprinting 15 ink containingasanlessential ingredient am Vincent extenderaotcolloidal hydrous cxidsot an elementoitheiourthgroupoitheperiodietable otatomicnumberatleaat l4 retainingitsbormd water i 9. As a new articlexotmanutaetureya printing ink containim as anessential ingredient a translucent ex'tender oiicolloidalhydrous oxide 0! an element consistingot siroonium, 25 titanium its bound water.

,10. o1 manuiaeture, aprinting ink containing sirconilnn hydrous oxide.

llgesanelartieleoi inanuiactureaprinting lznsanewarticleoimanuiaeture aprlnting inkcontainingia translucent extenderotsilicon hydrous oxide:

13. A s more. or manufacture. spnntlink containing a oi titanium ins ink hydrousoxidein a: d ying "h c 1am a new articleoi manufacture, a in Seed oilyehicle. 40

i 15. In ming lithographic prinflng mumcipitating a hydrom oxideoione oi the elements of thegroupconsistingotsirconium, titaniumand from aIatersolutionotasoluble salt by ammoniumhydroxidegnlteringand s5 precipitate, and, grinding the precipitate while i still moist inthepresence of a We? vehicle e untilthe \mboundwater is substantially elimi- 1c." ln preparing li s aphic printing ink, pre- 50 cipitating a hydrmsoxideot zirconium mm a water solution oia soluble sirconium salt by additionot'ammonium; hydroxide. filtering and w h l the precipitate. and grinding thelprecipitatewhilestill moist in the presence of a drying oil unbound water issubstan- 17. In the making oilithoaraphie printingink an elanentiot tbe viourthpgroup or the periodic systemhavingmmicweight-at 14, andvbe- Jioredryingds mm,1:mm ngtmm hydrous material in substantial amoimt ins waterrepellentyehicle imtilthe unbound pater lszsublcl lnthemaking oi lithographic printing in! or the groupconsisting cisirconium. titaniumand silicon and icontainingtunboimd mater and before drying is permitted grinding 1 in substantial; amount in [WW-PIO- pellent vehicle until the unbound water is sub eliminated anda translucent mixture is obtained. I i p i i 75 cally with 20. In the making of lithographic printing ink preparations, providing a hydrous oxide of zirconium, and before drying is permitted, grinding the moist hydrous material in substantial amount in a drying vehicle until the unbound water is 5 substantially elminated.

WILLIAM H. WOOD. 

